BEIJING – The so-called "South China Sea arbitration awards" run counter to the international judicial practice, according to a report released on Thursday.

The report, titled Legal Critique of the South China Sea Arbitration Awards -- 'The South China Sea Arbitration Awards Are Not International Law', was penned by scholars from the National Institute for South China Sea Studies, Jinan University, Ocean University of China, and Shanghai Maritime University.

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The report presents its analysis along three main threads -- arbitral jurisdiction, the application of substantive rules, and the validity of the awards.